A blood glucose level equal to or greater than 200 mg/dL during an oral glucose tolerance testĭiabetes can also be diagnosed by a blood test that measures what percentage of the hemoglobin in the blood has glucose attached to it and reflects what the average blood sugar level has been in the blood over the prior 3 months.Fasting blood sugar level equal to or greater than 126 mg/dL.The diagnosis is made when a person has a blood sugar level greater than 200 mg/dL at any time with symptoms of diabetes or if the following test results occur: Weight loss occurring without much change in diet.What Are the Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes? Over time, the pancreas tires out and is not able to make enough insulin to keep typical blood sugar levels, and diabetes develops. As type 2 diabetes develops, the muscle, fat, and liver cells do not respond to insulin normally and become insulin resistant. Muscle, fat, and the liver require insulin to take up glucose from the bloodstream and convert it to energy for the body.ĭiabetes can occur if the body is unable to make insulin (type 1 diabetes) or if the body continues to make insulin but is unable to respond to the insulin (type 2 diabetes). Insulin is made by cells (called beta cells) in an organ located behind the stomach called the pancreas. Glucose enters the cells in the body to become energy with the help of a hormone (a special messenger compound) called insulin. Nutrients in food are broken down into a simple sugar called glucose, which is an important source of energy for the body. About 3,700 children in the United States are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes each year. About 30% of these people do not know that they have diabetes. It is estimated that more than 29 million people in the United States have diabetes. It is less common in children, but it is occurring more frequently, typically among those who are overweight or obese as young as age 10 years and in teenagers. Although there are other types of diabetes, including type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes, type 2 diabetes is the most common form overall. A Guide for Families What is Type 2 Diabetes?ĭiabetes is diagnosed when a high level of sugar is detected in the blood.
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